What causes ceiling stains and leaks?
From the roof and outside:
- Blocked gutters that overflow behind the fascia
- Leaking downpipe joints inside or against walls
- Cracked or slipped roof tiles and rusted roof sheets
- Leaks at the roof valley, where two slopes meet
- Failed flashing where the roof meets a wall
- Dried-out window seals
From waterproofing:
- A failed waterproofing membrane under a bathroom floor
- Cracked grout letting shower water into the screed
- Balcony and flat roof membranes aged by sun and rain
- A blocked balcony drain causing water to pool and seep
From plumbing: pipes, toilet seals, the roof tank and its overflow can all stain ceilings too. Our guide Roof Leak or Pipe Leak? shows how to tell the difference.
What will you notice?
- A ceiling stain that grows after rain and dries in dry spells
- Peeling paint and bubbling plaster
- Mould that keeps returning in one corner
- Damp walls near downpipes
- A stain under a bathroom that gets worse after showers
What can you safely check yourself?
- Track the stain. Mark its edge in pencil with the date, and check after rain and after dry spells.
- Run a meter test to rule out a supply pipe leak.
- Clear gutters and downpipes if you can do it safely from the ground or a stable ladder with someone holding it. Never walk on the roof.
- Clear the balcony drain of leaves and dust.
- Check bathroom grout above the stain for cracks and hollow-sounding tiles.
Keep people away from a sagging ceiling, and switch off light fittings in a wet area.
Landed house
Gutters, downpipes, the roof and your bathrooms are yours to maintain. Check gutters before the wettest months and after storms. Our guide on an outdoor drain overflowing after rain covers the drains that take roof water away. The yearly checklist in our home plumbing guide for Kuala Lumpur homes includes a gutter check before the heaviest rain.
Condo unit
Report ceiling leaks to building management in writing. The roof, gutters and external walls are common property. Leaks from the unit above are inspected under the Form 28 process explained in the Condo and Strata Leaks section.
What does a repair involve?
- Gutters and downpipes: clearing, resealing joints or replacing sections.
- Roof: replacing tiles or sheets, resealing flashing, repairing valleys.
- Bathroom waterproofing: PU injection for a localised leak, or full re-waterproofing for widespread failure. Our comparison of PU injection and re-waterproofing explains both.
- Ceiling: drying, treating mould and repairing or replacing boards once the source is fixed.
When should you call for repairs?
Call a roofer or waterproofing contractor when a stain clearly follows the rain and clearing gutters has not helped. Call a plumber first when the stain is below a bathroom or tank, or the meter test shows a leak. The partner box below links to waterproofing and roof repair pages.